Everything about The Treaty Of Limerick totally explained
The
Treaty of Limerick ended the
Williamite war in Ireland between the
Jacobites and the supporters of
William of Orange. It concluded the
Siege of Limerick. The treaty really consisted of two treaties which were signed on
October 3 1691. Reputedly they were signed on the
Treaty Stone, an irregular block of limestone which once served as a mounting block for horses. This stone is now displayed on a pedestal in
Limerick city. Because of the treaty, Limerick is sometimes known as the
Treaty City.
The Military Articles
These articles dealt with the treatment of the disbanded Jacobite army. Under the treaty, Jacobite soldiers had the option to leave for
France to continue serving under
James II in the
Irish Brigade. Some 14,000 Jacobites chose this option and were marched south to
Cork where they embarked on ships for France, many of them accompanied by their wives and children. This journey became known as the
Flight of the Wild Geese.
The Jacobite soldiers also had the option of joining the Williamite army. 1,000 soldiers chose this option. The Jacobite soldiers thirdly had the option of returning home which some 2,000 soldiers chose.
This treaty had twenty-nine articles, which were agreed upon between Lieutenant-General
Ginkle, Commander-in-Chief of the English army, and the Lieutenant-Generals D'usson and de Tesse, Commanders-in-Chief of the Irish army. The articles were signed by D'Usson, Le Chevalier de Tesse, Latour Montfort,
Patrick Sarsfield Earl of Lucan, Colonel Nicholas Purcell of Loughmoe, Mark Talbot, Jo Wauchop, Galmoy.
The Civil Articles
These articles protected the rights of the defeated Jacobites who chose to remain in Ireland, most of whom were Catholics. Their property wasn't to be confiscated as long as they swore allegiance to
William and Mary, and
Catholic noblemen were to be allowed to bear arms. William required peace in Ireland and was allied to the
Papacy in 1691 within the
League of Augsburg.
This Treaty contained thirteen articles which were agreed upon between the Right Honourable Sir Charles Porter, and Thomas Coningsby, Esq., Lords Justices of Ireland, and his Excellency the Baron de Ginkle, Lieutenant General and Commander-in-Chief of the English army, and the Right Honourable
Patrick Sarsfield, Earl of Lucan, Percy Viscount Galmoy, Colonel Nicholas Purcell of Loughmoe, Colonel Nicholas Cusack, Sir Toby Butler, Colonel Dillon, and Colonel John Brown. The treaty was signed by Charles Porter, Thomas Coningsby, and Baron de Ginkle, and witnessed by Scavenmoer, H. Mackay, and T. Talmash.
The civil articles were not honoured by the victorious Williamite government for long, as the Papacy again recognized James II as the lawful king of Ireland from
1693. The few Catholics who took the oath in 1691-93 remained protected, including their descendants. Starting in
1695, a series of harsh
penal laws were enacted by the
Irish parliament to make it difficult for the Irish Catholic gentry who hadn't taken the oath by 1695 to remain Catholic. These provisions had a consequent effect on the entire Catholic population in Ireland for decades.
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